NTA JEE Main (Joint Entrance Examination - Paper 1 B.E./B.Tech) Syllabus 2026

Physics and Measurement: Units of measurements, System of Units, SI Units, fundamental and derived units, least count, significant figures, Errors in measurements, Dimensions of Physics quantities, dimensional analysis and its applications.

Kinematics: Frame of reference, motion in a straight line, Position-time graph, speed and velocity, Uniform and non-uniform motion, average speed and instantaneous velocity, uniformly accelerated motion, velocity-time and position-time graphs, relations for uniformly accelerated motion, Scalars and Vectors, Vector Addition and Subtraction, scalar and vector products, Unit Vector, Resolution of a Vector, Relative Velocity, Motion in a plane, Projectile Motion, Uniform Circular Motion.

Laws of Motion: Force and Inertia, Newton's First Law of motion; Momentum, Newton's Second Law of motion, Impulses; Newton's Third Law of motion, Law of conservation of linear momentum and its applications, Equilibrium of concurrent forces, Static and Kinetic friction, laws of friction, rolling friction, Dynamics of uniform circular motion: centripetal force and its applications (banking of tracks).

Work, Energy and Power: Work done by a constant force and a variable force; kinetic and potential energies, work-energy theorem, power, Potential energy of a spring, conservation of mechanical energy, conservative and nonconservative forces; Motion in a vertical circle, Elastic and inelastic collisions in one and two dimensions.

Rotational Motion: Centre of mass of a two-particle system, Centre of mass of a rigid body; Basic concepts of rotational motion, moment of a force, torque, angular momentum, conservation of angular momentum and its applications; Moment of inertia, radius of gyration, values of moments of inertia for simple geometrical objects, parallel and perpendicular axes theorems and their applications.

Gravitation: The universal law of gravitation, Acceleration due to gravity and its variation with altitude and depth, Kepler's laws of planetary motion, Gravitational potential energy; gravitational potential, Escape velocity, Motion of a satellite, orbital velocity, time period and energy of satellite.

Properties of Solids and Liquids: Elastic behaviour, Stress-strain relationship, Hooke's Law, Young's modulus, bulk modulus, modulus of rigidity; Pressure due to a fluid column; Pascal's law and its applications, Effect of gravity on fluid pressure, Viscosity, Stokes' law, terminal velocity, streamline and turbulent flow, critical velocity, Bernoulli's principle and its applications, Surface energy and surface tension, angle of contact, excess of pressure across a curved surface, application of surface tension: drops, bubbles and capillary rise, Heat, temperature, thermal expansion; specific heat capacity, calorimetry; change of state, latent heat, Heat transfer: conduction, convection and radiation.

Thermodynamics: Thermal equilibrium, zeroth law of thermodynamics, concept of temperature, Heat, work and internal energy, First law of thermodynamics, isothermal and adiabatic processes, Second law of thermodynamics: reversible and irreversible processes.

Kinetic Theory of Gases: Equation of state of a perfect gas, work done on compressing a gas, Kinetic theory of gases: assumptions, concept of pressure, Kinetic energy and temperature: RMS speed of gas molecules, Degrees of freedom, Law of equipartition of energy and application to specific heat capacities of gases; Mean free path, Avogadro's number.

Oscillations and Waves: Periodic motion, period, frequency, displacement as a function of time, Periodic functions, Simple harmonic motion (SHM) and its equation; phase, oscillations of a spring - restoring force and force constant, energy in SHM - Kinetic and potential energies; Simple pendulum - derivation of expression for its time period; Wave motion, Longitudinal and transverse waves, speed of travelling wave, Displacement relation for a progressive wave, Principle of superposition of waves, reflection of waves, Standing waves in strings and organ pipes, fundamental mode and harmonics, Beats.

Electrostatics: Electric charges: Conservation of charge, Coulomb's law-forces between two point charges, forces between multiple charges; superposition principle and continuous charge distribution, Electric field: Electric field due to a point charge, Electric field lines, Electric dipole, Electric field due to a dipole, Torque on a dipole in a uniform electric field, Electric flux, Gauss's law and its applications to find field due to infinitely long uniformly charged straight wire, uniformly charged infinite plane sheet and uniformly charged thin spherical shell, Electric potential and its calculation for a point charge, electric dipole and system of charges; Equipotential surfaces, Electrical potential energy of a system of two point charges in an electrostatic field, Conductors and insulators, Dielectrics and electric polarization, capacitors and capacitances, Combination of capacitors in series and in parallel, Capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric medium between the plates, Energy stored in a capacitor.

Current Electricity: Electric current, Drift velocity, mobility and their relation with electric current, Ohm's law, Electrical resistance, V-I characteristics of ohmic and non-ohmic conductors, Electrical energy and power, Electrical resistivity and conductivity, Series and parallel combinations of resistors; Temperature dependence of resistance, Internal resistance, potential difference and emf of a cell, combination of cells in series and in parallel, Kirchhoff's laws and their applications, Wheatstone bridge, Metre Bridge.

Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism: Biot-Savart law and its application to current carrying circular loop, Ampere's law and its applications to infinitely long current carrying straight wire and solenoid, Force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields, Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field, Force between two parallel current-carrying conductors-definition of ampere, Torque experienced by a current loop in uniform magnetic field; Moving coil galvanometer, its current sensitivity and conversion to ammeter and voltmeter, Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment, Bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid, magnetic field lines; Magnetic field due to a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) along its axis and perpendicular to its axis, Torque on a magnetic dipole in a uniform magnetic field; Para-, dia- and ferromagnetic substances with examples, effect of temperature on magnetic properties.

Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents: Electromagnetic induction: Faraday's law, induced emf and current; Lenz's Law, Eddy currents, Self and mutual inductance, Alternating currents, peak and RMS value of alternating current/voltage; reactance and impedance; LCR series circuit, resonance; Power in AC circuits, wattless current, AC generator and transformer.

Electromagnetic Waves: Electromagnetic waves and their characteristics, Transverse nature of electromagnetic waves, Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-rays, gamma rays), Applications of e.m. waves.

Optics: Reflection of light, spherical mirrors, mirror formula, Refraction of light at plane and spherical surfaces, thin lens formula, lens maker's formula, total internal reflection and its applications, Magnification, Power of a Lens, Combination of thin lenses in contact, Refraction of light through a prism, Microscope and Astronomical Telescope (reflecting and refracting) and their magnifying powers, Wave optics: wavefront and Huygens' principle, Laws of reflection and refraction using Huygens principle, Interference, Young's double slit experiment and expression for fringe width, coherent sources and sustained interference of light, Diffraction due to a single slit, width of central maximum, Polarization, Brewster's law, uses of plane polarized light and Polaroids.

Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation: Dual nature of radiation, Photoelectric effect, Hertz and Lenard's observations; Einstein's photoelectric equation; particle nature of light, Matter waves-wave nature of particle, de Broglie relation.

Atoms and Nuclei: Alpha-particle scattering experiment; Rutherford's model of atom; Bohr model, energy levels, hydrogen spectrum, Composition and size of nucleus, atomic masses, mass-energy relation, mass defect; binding energy per nucleon and its variation with mass number, nuclear fission and fusion.

Electronic Devices: Semiconductors; Semiconductor diode: I-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias; diode as a rectifier; I-V characteristics of LED, photodiode, solar cell, and Zener diode; Zener diode as a voltage regulator, Logic gates (OR, AND, NOT, NAND and NOR).

Physical Chemistry: Some Basic Concepts in Chemistry (Matter and its nature, Dalton's atomic theory, Concept of atom, molecule, element and compound, Laws of chemical combination, Atomic and molecular masses, mole concept, molar mass, percentage composition, empirical and molecular formulae, Chemical equations and stoichiometry); Atomic Structure (Nature of electromagnetic radiation, photoelectric effect, Bohr's model of hydrogen atom, de Broglie relationship, Heisenberg uncertainty principle, Quantum mechanical model, Quantum numbers, Aufbau principle, Pauli exclusion principle, Hund's rule); Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure (Kossel-Lewis approach, Ionic bonding, Covalent bonding, VSEPR theory, Valence Bond Theory, Hybridization, Molecular Orbital Theory, Hydrogen bonding); Chemical Thermodynamics (First and Second laws of thermodynamics, Enthalpy, Entropy, Gibbs free energy, Spontaneity); Solutions (Types of solutions, Raoult's law, Ideal and non-ideal solutions, Colligative properties, van't Hoff factor); Equilibrium (Law of chemical equilibrium, Le Chatelier's principle, Ionic equilibrium, pH, Buffer solutions, Solubility product); Redox Reactions and Electrochemistry (Nernst equation, Conductance, Kohlrausch's law, Electrochemical and Electrolytic cells); Chemical Kinetics (Rate of reaction, Order and molecularity, Arrhenius equation, Catalysis).

Inorganic Chemistry: Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties (Modern periodic table, Periodic trends in properties); p-Block Elements (Group 13 to 18 elements electronic configuration, general trends, properties); d- and f-Block Elements (Transition elements, Lanthanoids and Actinoids); Coordination Compounds (Werner's theory, IUPAC nomenclature, Isomerism, Valence Bond Theory, Crystal Field Theory, Applications).

Organic Chemistry: Purification and Characterisation of Organic Compounds; Some Basic Principles of Organic Chemistry (Inductive, electromeric, resonance and hyperconjugation effects, IUPAC nomenclature, Carbocations, carbanions, free radicals); Hydrocarbons (Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes, Aromatic hydrocarbons); Organic Compounds Containing Halogens (Haloalkanes and Haloarenes); Organic Compounds Containing Oxygen (Alcohols, Phenols, Ethers, Aldehydes, Ketones, Carboxylic Acids); Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen (Amines, Diazonium salts); Biomolecules (Carbohydrates, Proteins, Nucleic Acids, Enzymes, Vitamins); Principles Related to Practical Chemistry.

Sets, Relations and Functions: Sets and their representations, Union, intersection and complement of sets and their algebraic properties, Power set, Relation, types of relations, equivalence relations, Functions, one-one, into and onto functions, composition of functions.

Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations: Complex numbers as ordered pairs of reals, Representation of complex numbers in the form a + ib and their representation in a plane, Argand diagram, algebra of complex numbers, modulus and argument of a complex number, Quadratic equations in real and complex number system and their solutions, Relations between roots and coefficients, nature of roots, formation of quadratic equations with given roots.

Matrices and Determinants: Matrices, algebra of matrices, type of matrices, determinants and matrices of order two and three, evaluation of determinants, area of triangles using determinants, Adjoint and inverse of a square matrix, Test of consistency and solution of simultaneous linear equations in two or three variables using determinants and matrices.

Permutations and Combinations: Fundamental principle of counting, permutation as an arrangement and combination as selection, Meaning of P(n,r) and C(n,r), simple applications.

Binomial Theorem and its Simple Applications: Binomial theorem for a positive integral index, general term and middle term, simple applications.

Sequence and Series: Arithmetic and Geometric Progressions, insertion of arithmetic, geometric means between two given numbers, Relation between A.M. and G.M.

Limit, Continuity and Differentiability: Real-valued functions, algebra of functions, polynomials, rational, trigonometric, logarithmic and exponential functions, inverse functions, Graphs of simple functions, Limits, continuity and differentiability, Differentiation of sum, difference, product and quotient of two functions, Differentiation of trigonometric, inverse trigonometric, logarithmic, exponential, composite and implicit functions, derivatives of order up to two, Applications of derivatives: Rate of change of quantities, monotonic increasing and decreasing functions, Maxima and minima of functions of one variable.

Integral Calculus: Integral as an anti-derivative, Fundamental integrals involving algebraic, trigonometric, exponential and logarithmic functions, Integration by substitution, by parts and by partial fractions, Integration using trigonometric identities, Evaluation of simple integrals, Fundamental Theorem of Calculus, Properties of definite integrals, Evaluation of definite integrals, determining areas of the regions bounded by simple curves in standard form.

Differential Equations: Ordinary differential equations, their order and degree, Solution of differential equation by method of separation of variables, solution of homogeneous and linear differential equations of first order.

Co-ordinate Geometry: Cartesian system of rectangular coordinates in a plane, distance formula, sections formula, locus and its equation, translation of axes, slope of a line, parallel and perpendicular lines, intercepts of a line on the coordinate axes, Straight lines: Various forms of equations of a line, intersection of lines, angles between two lines, conditions for concurrence of three lines, distance of a point from a line, coordinates of centroid, orthocentre and circumcentre of a triangle; Circle: Standard form of equation of a circle, general form of equation of a circle, its radius and central, equation of a circle in the parametric form, equation of a circle when the endpoints of a diameter are given, points of intersection of a line and a circle with the centre at the origin and condition for a line to be tangent to the circle; Conic Sections: Sections of cones, equations of conic sections (parabola, ellipse and hyperbola) in standard forms, condition for y = mx + c to be a tangent and point(s) of tangency.

Three Dimensional Geometry: Coordinates of a point in space, the distance between two points, section formula, directions ratios and direction cosines, the angle between two intersecting lines, Skew lines, the shortest distance between them and its equation, Equations of a line.

Vector Algebra: Vectors and scalars, the addition of vectors, components of a vector in two dimensions and three-dimensional space, scalar and vector products.

Statistics and Probability: Measures of Dispersion: Calculation of mean, median, mode of grouped and ungrouped data, calculation of standard deviation, variance and mean deviation for grouped and ungrouped data; Probability: Probability of an event, addition and multiplication theorems of probability, Baye's theorem, probability distribution of a random variable.